Improvement in hydrocarbon-furnaces



HLNAPIER. HYnRocARBoN FUlRNAcE'.

N'.173,3z7, mmm Feb; 8,1876.

lFLPEYERS. FHOTO-LITHOGHAPMER, WASHINGTON. D. (Lt

re-box C at e. v

distance of the top of the vessel A.

UNITED STA-res PATENT OFFICE.

HENRYNAPIER, or New YORK, N.- Y.

IMPROVEMENT IN HVDROVCARBON-FURNACES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 173,327, dated February S, 1876 application filed September 21,1875.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, HENRY NAPIER,`of the city-and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Hydrocarbon Furnaces; and that the following is a full description of `the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, of which- Figure 1 isa sectional View of the Whole ap' paratus, and Fig. 2 an enlarged sectional with the latter in the steam space or chamber' by the pipe and valve a, and with an oil-reservoir by the pipe and tap b.

The oil-tank may be placed in any conven- .ient situation above the level of the vessel A. VIn lieu of a jacket a coil may be used-in such case the coil being inclosed in the vessel A.

The pipe b is the oil-feed pipe, and extends to nearly the bottom of the vessel A; The pipe c, which may be either' a straight, a coiled, or a siphon pipe, is' the oil-delivery pipe, connecting with the burner B at f and with the lt extends to within a short B, Fig. v2, .is the burner, comprising the chamber 1, the perforated cylinder 2, the hollow conical valve 3, the tube 4, and the outer case 5. The chamber 1 is connected with the pipe c by the pipe and tap f, which admit the oil. The cylinder 2 is perforated on its top and sides only, and within the space occupied longitudinally by the vchamber 1, with small holes o, their aggregate area being rather less than that ofthe mouth of the supply-pipe c. It connects with the tube 4, and is internally conical, so as to allow the conical valve to be fitted closely into it. The valve 3 is hollow through its entire length, and projects beyond the rows of holes in the cylinder. It is operated by a screw, g, and is so constructed that it graduates the supply of oil and steam by one and the same motion, so that no undue proportion of either can pass to the burner-tubethrough any neglect on the part of the attendant. The tubular extension of the valve iits closely into a sleeve, h, andis prevented from turning with' the regulating-screw by a groove and steady-pin, t'. It is pierced with a hole, k, of the same diameter as. that of the steam-pipe, which'connects with the vesselA a little above its lower end at l, and with the valv`e-tube at m, so that when the valve is closed the steam and oil inlets 'are simultaneously shut, and

when slightly or fully opened the steam and V oil passages are enlarged or diminished accordingly. When in position, the smaller end of the conical chamber is'csomewhat lower than the other, as shown iu thegdrawing, so that the oil, on passing through the perforations ato, has a natural tendency to flow toward the point. The outer case is constructed to envelop the tube 4, and is connected with the vessel A by the pipe a. It is fitted with a,tap,p, to admit of the exit of any condensed steam. Any kind of nozzle or jet may be attached to the pipe, asa broad-spread or strong jet of flame may be desired.

C, Fig. 1, is the fire-box. It is a shallow Vessel, having a false bottom, g, and resting either on -the present lire-bars of the ordinary grate, or being supported of itself, dispensing with grate-bars entirely. It may be made either as a whole -or in sections-in the latter case the sections communicating with each other by suitable oil-pipes. The false bottom is perforated with holes at regular inter- -tervals, into whicharescrewed or otherwise firmly secured the vertical tubes r, solas to constitute the upper part of vthe vessel an oil-tight box, having numerous tubes or airpassages over its entire extent, the united area of the holes being nearly equal to that of the space unoccupied by them.

The interstices are tilled with asbestus or v other porous material indestructible by heat, and for my purpose I prefer what is known as asbestus-board. This filling reaches nearly to the top of the tubes, which at that point are slightly bell-mouthed, and somewhat lower than the sid es of the lire-box. The open space s below the tubes is a draft or air chamber, and is either open at t when a natural draft can be obtained, or is connected Withablower or equivalent apparatus when the natural draft is not attainable. The draft in either case is regulated by dampers in the usual manner, not necessary to be described here.

In my apparatus I dispense with the use of any hard fuel; but, should such fuel be necessary for any peculiar operation, the fire-box can be readily disconnected from the rest of the machine, and replaced when hard fuel is no longer desired.

The action of the apparatus is as follows, viz: Oil is admitted to the fire-box C by the pipe e, and rises through the asbestus in sufficient quantity to just cover its surface, where it is ignited. The air naturally or arti- ;ficially supplied rushes through the vertical tubes and causes a smokeless flame of great heating-power, which rapidly generates steam inf the boiler. Stealnis thenadmitted tothe jacket or coil of the. vessel A by its own valve. The oil on A becomesl highly heated, andis allowedv tov pass to the burner B byits special pipe-and tap. The conical valve is opened and the oil land steam are driven through the burner-jet in suitable proportion and condition v rfor the decompositionand perfect combustion of both, the effect being increased in energy by lthe intensely heated air or gases passing through the tubcsand ame 'of the fire-box. .The heat-can be regulated by increasing or i'decreasing the oil-supply, and the quality of the llame by the amount of air and steamadmitted to the burner and to the fire-box tubes respectively.

I do not restrict myself to the exact proportions of my apparatus, as these may vary with the power required for any particular work.

I claim- 1. The combination, with the perforated cylinder 2, of the jacketed vessel A, oil-pipes b and c, and steam-pipe a, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The combination of the perforated cylinder 2, with the-oil-chamber l, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

8. The combination, with the perforated cylinder 2, of the oil-chamber 1 and hollow conical valve 3, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. The combination, with the perforated cylinder 2, kof the hollow conical valve 3, its regulating-screw and steam-pipe l, substantially asand for the purpose set forth.

5. The combination of the perforated cylinder 2, with the hollow conical valve 3, steampipe l, oil-pipe f, and jacketed tube 4, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

6. The combination, with the perforated cylinder2, of the vesselA and fire-box C, sub-4 stantially as and forthe'purpose set forth.

f HENRY` NAPIER. Witnesses:

C. W. A. BUR'ris,

WILLIAM LEES. 

